Трети условни и смесени условни изречения (Conditional 3, mixed conditionals)
Третото условно изречение (third conditional) говори за въображаемо минало: нещо, което не се е случило, и неговия въображаем резултат. Строи се с If + Past Perfect, would have + трето причастие. Смесените условни изречения (mixed conditionals) свързват различни времена: най-често минало условие с резултат в настоящето (If + Past Perfect, would + глагол) или постоянно настоящо положение с резултат в миналото (If + Past Simple, would have + трето причастие). Вместо would могат да се използват might или could за възможност.
Какво да запомним
- Conditional 3: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
- Mixed (минало → сега): If I had eaten breakfast, I wouldn't be hungry now.
- Mixed (сега → минало): If he were more careful, he wouldn't have broken his leg.
- might have / could have = възможност: If you had asked, I might have helped.
- В If-частта не се слага would.
Пример
I didn't eat breakfast, so I'm hungry now. → If I had eaten breakfast, I wouldn't be hungry now. (Миналото условие има резултат в настоящето.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
If I had studied harder, I ___ the exam.
- would pass
- will pass
- would have passed
- passed
Отговор: would have passed
Трето условно: If + Past Perfect, would have + V3.
If she ___ the bus, she wouldn't have been late.
- didn't miss
- hadn't missed
- wouldn't miss
- doesn't miss
Отговор: hadn't missed
В подчиненото изречение на третото условно е Past Perfect.
Which sentence is a mixed conditional (past condition, present result)?
- If I take the medicine, I will feel better.
- If I took the medicine, I would feel better.
- If I had taken the medicine, I would have felt better.
- If I had taken the medicine, I would feel better now.
Отговор: If I had taken the medicine, I would feel better now.
Минало условие (had taken) със сегашен резултат (would feel now).
I didn't eat breakfast, so I'm hungry now. → If I ___ breakfast, I wouldn't be hungry now.
- ate
- had eaten
- would eat
- have eaten
Отговор: had eaten
Минало условие: Past Perfect; сегашен резултат: would + инфинитив.
Choose the correct sentence.
- If he was more careful, he won't break his leg.
- If he had been careful, he will not break his leg.
- If he were more careful, he wouldn't have broken his leg yesterday.
- If he would be careful, he wouldn't have broken his leg.
Отговор: If he were more careful, he wouldn't have broken his leg yesterday.
Смесено условно: сегашна черта (were careful) и минал резултат (wouldn't have broken).
If it hadn't rained, we ___ to the beach.
- would go
- would have gone
- will go
- had gone
Отговор: would have gone
Резултат в миналото: would have + V3.
If you had asked me, I ___ have helped you. (possibility)
- will
- must
- shall
- might
Отговор: might
Might have + V3 изразява възможен резултат в третото условно.
She is a doctor now because she studied medicine. → If she hadn't studied medicine, she ___ a doctor now.
- wouldn't be
- won't be
- wouldn't have been
- isn't
Отговор: wouldn't be
Смесено условно: сегашен резултат с would + инфинитив.
Find the correct ending: 'If I had known you were in hospital, ...'
- I will visit you.
- I visited you.
- I would have visited you.
- I would visit you yesterday.
Отговор: I would have visited you.
Третото условно изисква would have + V3.
Which sentence means: 'He is not tall, so he wasn't chosen for the team'?
- If he had been chosen, he would be taller.
- If he is taller, he will be chosen.
- If he was chosen, he would be taller.
- If he were taller, he would have been chosen for the team.
Отговор: If he were taller, he would have been chosen for the team.
Сегашна черта (were taller) и минал резултат (would have been chosen).
The third conditional talks about an imaginary situation in the ___.
- past
- present
- future
- habits
Отговор: past
Conditional 3 е за нереално минало.
If we had left earlier, we ___ the train.
- could catch
- caught
- can catch
- could have caught
Отговор: could have caught
За възможност в Conditional 3: could have + V3.
If I ___ to bed so late, I wouldn't be tired now.
- didn't go
- wouldn't go
- haven't gone
- hadn't gone
Отговор: hadn't gone
Минало условие (Past Perfect) с резултат сега: смесено условно.
Which word is never used in the if-clause of a third conditional?
- had
- if
- would
- not
Отговор: would
В if-частта не се слага would.
If I spoke English well, I ___ that job last year.
- would get
- had got
- would have got
- will get
Отговор: would have got
Постоянно настоящо положение с резултат в миналото: would have + V3.