Непряка реч: обобщение (Reported speech review)
Преговаряме непряката реч (reported speech): как предаваме чужди думи, твърдения, въпроси и молби. Когато глаголът за въвеждане е в минало време, времето обикновено се връща една стъпка назад, а думите за време и място се променят. Във въпросите словоредът е като в твърдение, а за заповеди използваме tell/ask + обект + to.
Какво да запомним
- am/is → was; will → would; can → could
- Past Simple / Present Perfect → Past Perfect (I saw → he had seen)
- yesterday → the day before; last week → the week before; here → there
- Въпроси: She asked me where I lived. / She asked me if I was ready.
- Заповеди: He told us not to touch the wires.
Пример
'I am tired,' she said. → She said that she was tired. = Тя каза, че е уморена.
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
'I am tired,' she said. → She said that she ___ tired.
- is
- was
- were
- has been
Отговор: was
В непряка реч Present Simple преминава в Past Simple: am → was.
'I will call you,' he told me. → He told me he ___ call me.
- will
- shall
- could have
- would
Отговор: would
Will в непряка реч става would.
'Where do you live?' she asked. → She asked me where ___.
- did I live
- do I live
- I lived
- lived I
Отговор: I lived
В непрекия въпрос редът е като в съобщително изречение (подлог + сказуемо), без спомагателен глагол do/did.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'I saw him yesterday,' Tom said. → Tom said he had seen him ___.
- yesterday
- the day before
- tomorrow
- the next day
Отговор: the day before
Yesterday в непряка реч обикновено става the day before (или the previous day).
'Don't touch the wires!' the electrician said to us. → The electrician ___.
- told us to not touching the wires
- said us not touch the wires
- told us don't touch the wires
- told us not to touch the wires
Отговор: told us not to touch the wires
Отрицателна заповед се предава с tell + обект + not to + инфинитив.
'I can swim,' he said. → He said he ___ swim.
- can
- may
- could
- should
Отговор: could
Can в непряка реч става could.
'Are you ready?' she asked. → She asked me ___ I was ready.
- that
- if
- what
- do
Отговор: if
Въпросите с да/не се предават с if или whether.
'We arrived here last week,' they said. → They said they had arrived there ___.
- the week before
- last week
- next week
- this week
Отговор: the week before
Last week обикновено става the week before (the previous week).
'I have been working all day,' Mum said. → Mum said she ___ all day.
- has been working
- had been working
- was working
- worked
Отговор: had been working
Present Perfect Continuous преминава в Past Perfect Continuous.
'Please close the door,' the teacher said to Ivan. → The teacher ___ the door.
- said Ivan to close
- asked Ivan closing
- told to Ivan close
- asked Ivan to close
Отговор: asked Ivan to close
Молба се предава с ask + обект + to-инфинитив.
'I have a dog,' he said. → He said he ___ a dog.
- has
- have
- having
- had
Отговор: had
Have в непряка реч става had.
'I may be late,' she said. → She said she ___ be late.
- might
- may to
- can
- will
Отговор: might
May в непряка реч обикновено става might.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'I live here,' he said. → He said he lived ___.
- here
- there
- where
- everywhere
Отговор: there
Here в непряка реч обикновено става there.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'This is my phone,' she said. → She said that ___ was her phone.
- this
- these
- that
- those
Отговор: that
This в непряка реч обикновено става that.
'What are you doing?' Mum asked. → Mum asked what ___.
- was I doing
- I am doing
- did I do
- I was doing
Отговор: I was doing
Въпросите в непряка реч са със словоред на твърдение и време назад.