Present Perfect Simple и Continuous
Урокът сравнява Present Perfect Simple (have/has + трето причастие) и Present Perfect Continuous (have/has + been + -ing). Simple показва завършено действие или резултат и отговаря на въпроса 'колко' (I have written three emails). Continuous подчертава продължителността на действие, което е започнало в миналото и още трае или току-що е спряло (She has been learning English for six years). С for се посочва период, а със since началният момент.
Какво да запомним
- Simple: have/has + V3, за резултат и брой: I've finished my homework.
- Continuous: have/has + been + V-ing, за продължителност: I've been waiting for an hour.
- for + период (for six years), since + начален момент (since 2018).
- Глаголи за състояние (know, have, like) не се ползват в Continuous: How long have you had your bike?
- С точно минало време (yesterday, in 2020) се ползва Past Simple, не Present Perfect.
Пример
Your hands are dirty! What have you been doing? I've been repairing my bike. (Ръцете ти са мръсни! Какво си правил? Поправях колелото си, т.е. действието е продължило и има видим резултат.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
I ___ my homework. Can I go out now?
- finish
- have finished
- has finished
- am finishing
Отговор: have finished
Present Perfect: have/has + минало причастие; резултатът е важен сега.
She ___ English for six years and she still has lessons every week.
- has been learning
- is learning
- learns
- learnt
Отговор: has been learning
Действие, започнало в миналото и продължаващо до сега, с for: Present Perfect Continuous.
Your hands are dirty! What ___?
- have you done
- did you do
- do you do
- have you been doing
Отговор: have you been doing
Present Perfect Continuous обяснява видим резултат от току-що продължила дейност.
I ___ three emails this morning, and it's still only 10 o'clock.
- have been writing
- wrote
- have written
- am writing
Отговор: have written
Когато казваме колко неща сме свършили, ползваме Present Perfect Simple.
Choose the correct sentence.
- How long have you been having your bike?
- How long do you have your bike?
- How long are you having your bike?
- How long have you had your bike?
Отговор: How long have you had your bike?
Have (притежавам) е глагол за състояние и не се използва в продължителна форма.
___ you ever been to London?
- Did
- Were
- Have
- Has
Отговор: Have
Въпрос за житейски опит: Have you ever been...?
They have lived here ___ 2018.
- since
- for
- ago
- from
Отговор: since
Since се използва с начален момент (2018), а for с период.
I've ___ finished my project, so I can relax now.
- yet
- ever
- still
- just
Отговор: just
Just (току-що) стои между have и причастието.
You still work at the bank? How long ___ there?
- are you working
- do you work
- have you been working
- will you work
Отговор: have you been working
За продължителност на действие, което още трае, ползваме Present Perfect Continuous.
Which sentence is correct?
- I've been to the bank yesterday.
- I went to the bank yesterday.
- I've gone to the bank yesterday.
- I've been going to the bank yesterday.
Отговор: I went to the bank yesterday.
С изминал момент (yesterday) използваме Past Simple, а не Present Perfect.
I've known her ___ ten years.
- since
- for
- ago
- yet
Отговор: for
For + период: for ten years.
Present Perfect Continuous: have/has + ___ + -ing.
- be
- being
- been
- was
Отговор: been
Образуване: have/has been + -ing.
I'm tired because I ___ all afternoon.
- have run
- run
- am run
- have been running
Отговор: have been running
Продължително действие с видим резултат (уморен): Present Perfect Continuous.
How many pages ___ so far?
- have you read
- have you been reading
- did you read
- are you reading
Отговор: have you read
How many (брой, резултат) изисква Present Perfect Simple.
Which sentence is NOT correct?
- I've known him for years.
- I've been knowing him for years.
- She's been working hard.
- We've lived here since May.
Отговор: I've been knowing him for years.
Know е глагол за състояние и не се използва в Continuous.