Човекът и природата

Климатични промени

1. The gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature is called global ___.

   • cooling
   • warming
   • freezing
   • raining

   Отговор: warming

   Global warming е глобалното затопляне.

2. Cutting down large areas of forest is called ___.

   • deforestation
   • pollution
   • recycling
   • erosion

   Отговор: deforestation

   Deforestation е обезлесяване.

3. Because of melting ice, sea levels are ___.

   • falling
   • rising
   • freezing
   • stopping

   Отговор: rising

   Топенето на ледовете повишава морското равнище.

4. Which gas is the main greenhouse gas produced by burning fossil fuels?

   • carbon dioxide
   • oxygen
   • nitrogen
   • helium

   Отговор: carbon dioxide

   При горене на въглища, нефт и газ се отделя въглероден диоксид (CO₂).

5. The layer of gases around the Earth is the ___.

   • ocean
   • crust
   • atmosphere
   • climate

   Отговор: atmosphere

   Atmosphere е атмосферата.

6. The ___ effect keeps heat in the Earth's atmosphere.

   • garden
   • window
   • greenhouse
   • ice

   Отговор: greenhouse

   Парниковият ефект (greenhouse effect) задържа топлината.

7. Coal, oil and natural gas are ___ fuels.

   • renewable
   • solar
   • fossil
   • nuclear

   Отговор: fossil

   Fossil fuels са изкопаеми горива.

8. Energy from the sun, wind and water is called ___ energy.

   • fossil
   • renewable
   • nuclear
   • limited

   Отговор: renewable

   Renewable energy е възобновяема енергия: тя не се изчерпва.

9. A period of very hot weather that lasts for several days is a ___.

   • snowstorm
   • flood
   • frost
   • heatwave

   Отговор: heatwave

   Heatwave е гореща вълна, жега.

10. Because of rising temperatures, glaciers and polar ice are ___.

    • freezing
    • growing
    • flooding
    • melting

    Отговор: melting

    По-високите температури топят ледниците.

11. Which gas, produced by cows and rubbish dumps, is also a greenhouse gas?

    • oxygen
    • hydrogen
    • helium
    • methane

    Отговор: methane

    Метанът е силен парников газ.

12. Which word describes the usual weather in a region over many years?

    • weather
    • climate
    • forecast
    • season

    Отговор: climate

    Climate е климатът, дългосрочното време в даден район.

13. In 2015, almost all countries in the world signed the ___ Agreement to limit global warming.

    • Kyoto
    • Paris
    • Geneva
    • Berlin

    Отговор: Paris

    Парижкото споразумение е прието през 2015 г.

14. As the climate gets warmer, many animals lose their natural ___.

    • habit
    • inhabitant
    • habitat
    • habitual

    Отговор: habitat

    Habitat е естествената среда на живот; habit е навик.

15. The amount of CO₂ in the air has grown mainly since the ___ Revolution.

    • French
    • Russian
    • Digital
    • Industrial

    Отговор: Industrial

    С Индустриалната революция започва масовото изгаряне на въглища.

Условни изречения

1. If it rains tomorrow, we ___ at home.

   • stayed
   • will stay
   • would stay
   • staying

   Отговор: will stay

   First conditional: If + Present Simple, will + глагол.

2. If you ___ the bus, you'll be late.

   • will miss
   • missed
   • miss
   • missing

   Отговор: miss

   В подчиненото с if при first conditional е Present Simple.

3. If you heat ice, it ___.

   • melts
   • melted
   • would melt
   • melting

   Отговор: melts

   Нулево условно за общи истини: If + Present Simple, Present Simple.

4. If I ___ you, I would recycle more.

   • am
   • will be
   • were
   • be

   Отговор: were

   Second conditional: If I were you за съвет.

5. What ___ you do if you saw a bear?

   • will
   • did
   • do
   • would

   Отговор: would

   Second conditional: If + Past Simple (saw), would + глагол.

6. If I see Tom, I ___ him the news.

   • would tell
   • will tell
   • told
   • tell will

   Отговор: will tell

   Първо условно: If + Present Simple, will + глагол.

7. If we don't protect the forests, many animals ___.

   • would disappeared
   • disappeared
   • are disappear
   • will disappear

   Отговор: will disappear

   Реална бъдеща възможност: first conditional с will.

8. We ___ save a lot of water if we take shorter showers.

   • will
   • would
   • did
   • were

   Отговор: will

   If + Present Simple (take) изисква will в главното изречение.

9. If I ___ about the storm, I wouldn't have gone out.

   • knew
   • have known
   • had known
   • would know

   Отговор: had known

   Трето условно: If + Past Perfect, would have + трета форма.

10. If I ___ a lot of money, I would build a wildlife centre.

    • had
    • have
    • will have
    • would have

    Отговор: had

    Second conditional: If + Past Simple, would + глагол.

11. ___ we act now, the problem will get worse.

    • If
    • When
    • Unless
    • Because

    Отговор: Unless

    Unless означава 'ако не': ако не действаме, ще стане по-лошо.

12. I'll go to the beach ___ it doesn't rain.

    • as long as
    • unless
    • otherwise
    • in case of

    Отговор: as long as

    As long as означава „стига да“, при условие че.

13. Choose the correct sentence.

    • If I would know the answer, I would tell you.
    • If I knew the answer, I would tell you.
    • If I know the answer, I would tell you.
    • If I knew the answer, I will tell you.

    Отговор: If I knew the answer, I would tell you.

    В подчиненото с if не използваме would; Past Simple + would.

14. If people ___ cars so much, the air in cities would be cleaner.

    • don't use
    • won't use
    • wouldn't use
    • didn't use

    Отговор: didn't use

    Second conditional: Past Simple в подчиненото, would в главното.

15. Which sentence is a mixed conditional?

    • If I study, I will pass.
    • If I had studied biology, I would be a vet now.
    • If I studied, I would pass.
    • If I had studied, I would have passed.

    Отговор: If I had studied biology, I would be a vet now.

    Смесеното условно свързва минало условие (had studied) с настоящ резултат (would be now).

Природни бедствия

1. When the ground shakes strongly, it is a/an ___.

   • flood
   • earthquake
   • drought
   • avalanche

   Отговор: earthquake

   Earthquake е земетресение.

2. When a river overflows and covers the land with water, it's a ___.

   • flood
   • fire
   • fog
   • frost

   Отговор: flood

   Flood е наводнение.

3. A mountain that can erupt with fire and lava is a ___.

   • valley
   • volcano
   • cave
   • hill

   Отговор: volcano

   Volcano е вулкан.

4. A long period with very little or no rain is a ___.

   • storm
   • flood
   • drought
   • tsunami

   Отговор: drought

   Drought е суша.

5. A large amount of snow falling down a mountain is a/an ___.

   • earthquake
   • avalanche
   • eruption
   • landslide

   Отговор: avalanche

   Avalanche е лавина.

6. A very strong spinning wind that touches the ground is a ___.

   • breeze
   • rainbow
   • tornado
   • fog

   Отговор: tornado

   Tornado е торнадо, смерч.

7. Hot melted rock that comes out of a volcano is called ___.

   • lava
   • ash
   • steam
   • ice

   Отговор: lava

   Lava е разтопената скала на повърхността.

8. A violent storm with very strong winds that forms over the Atlantic Ocean is a ___.

   • drought
   • heatwave
   • hurricane
   • blizzard

   Отговор: hurricane

   Hurricane е ураган.

9. A large fire that spreads quickly through forests is a ___.

   • campfire
   • fireplace
   • firework
   • wildfire

   Отговор: wildfire

   Wildfire е горски пожар.

10. A huge sea wave, usually caused by an underwater earthquake, is a ___.

    • tornado
    • hurricane
    • blizzard
    • tsunami

    Отговор: tsunami

    Tsunami е цунами, огромна вълна след подводно земетресение.

11. People had to leave their homes because of the fire. They were ___ to a safe place.

    • invaded
    • destroyed
    • flooded
    • evacuated

    Отговор: evacuated

    Evacuate означава да изведеш хора от опасно място.

12. People who stay alive after a disaster are called ___.

    • survivors
    • rescuers
    • witnesses
    • tourists

    Отговор: survivors

    Survivors са оцелелите.

13. The strength of an earthquake is often measured on the ___ scale.

    • Celsius
    • Richter
    • Beaufort
    • Fahrenheit

    Отговор: Richter

    Скалата на Рихтер измерва магнитуда на земетресенията.

14. A mass of rock and earth that suddenly slides down a slope, often after heavy rain, is a/an ___.

    • landslide
    • avalanche
    • earthquake
    • eruption

    Отговор: landslide

    Landslide е свлачище; avalanche е лавина от сняг.

15. The point on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake starts is the ___.

    • crater
    • epicentre
    • core
    • summit

    Отговор: epicentre

    Epicentre е епицентърът на земетресението.

Устойчив живот

1. Putting paper, glass and plastic in special bins so they can be used again is ___.

   • wasting
   • recycling
   • polluting
   • burning

   Отговор: recycling

   Recycling е рециклиране.

2. Walking or cycling instead of driving reduces air ___.

   • pollution
   • oxygen
   • temperature
   • weather

   Отговор: pollution

   Air pollution е замърсяване на въздуха.

3. Food grown without artificial chemicals is ___.

   • plastic
   • organic
   • frozen
   • fried

   Отговор: organic

   Organic food е биологична храна.

4. Instead of plastic bags, we should use ___ bags.

   • disposable
   • plastic
   • reusable
   • single-use

   Отговор: reusable

   Reusable означава за многократна употреба.

5. To ___ means to use something again instead of throwing it away.

   • refuse
   • reduce
   • reuse
   • remove

   Отговор: reuse

   Reuse означава да използваш отново.

6. Things that you use once and then throw away are ___.

   • reusable
   • recycled
   • single-use
   • renewable

   Отговор: single-use

   Single-use означава за еднократна употреба.

7. Turn off the lights when you leave a room to ___ energy.

   • save
   • waste
   • spend
   • lose

   Отговор: save

   Save energy означава да пестиш енергия.

8. Your carbon ___ is the amount of CO₂ your activities produce.

   • fingerprint
   • handprint
   • print
   • footprint

   Отговор: footprint

   Carbon footprint е въглеродният отпечатък.

9. Which light bulbs use the least energy?

   • old filament bulbs
   • halogen bulbs
   • coloured bulbs
   • LED bulbs

   Отговор: LED bulbs

   LED крушките харчат много по-малко ток.

10. Food waste and garden waste can be turned into ___ for plants.

    • concrete
    • plastic
    • glass
    • compost

    Отговор: compost

    Compost е компост, естествен тор от органични отпадъци.

11. Products that harm the environment as little as possible are called eco-___.

    • kind
    • friendly
    • nice
    • good

    Отговор: friendly

    Eco-friendly означава щадящ природата.

12. Buying clothes from second-hand shops helps to reduce ___.

    • waste
    • trees
    • rain
    • oxygen

    Отговор: waste

    Повторната употреба на дрехи намалява отпадъците.

13. The three Rs of sustainable living are reduce, reuse and ___.

    • repair
    • recycle
    • replace
    • return

    Отговор: recycle

    Reduce, reuse, recycle: намали, използвай повторно, рециклирай.

14. Which action saves the MOST water?

    • leaving the tap running while brushing your teeth
    • washing the car every day
    • taking a short shower instead of a bath
    • watering the garden at noon

    Отговор: taking a short shower instead of a bath

    Краткият душ използва много по-малко вода от пълната вана.

15. Which word means 'able to continue for a long time without harming the environment'?

    • disposable
    • sustainable
    • harmful
    • temporary

    Отговор: sustainable

    Sustainable означава устойчив.

Доклад и статия

1. An article in a magazine usually has an interesting ___ at the top.

   • signature
   • address
   • title
   • greeting

   Отговор: title

   Заглавието привлича вниманието на читателя.

2. Which text type gives facts and recommendations, often for a teacher or manager?

   • a poem
   • a report
   • a postcard
   • a joke

   Отговор: a report

   Докладът (report) представя факти и препоръки.

3. Who usually reads articles in a school magazine?

   • doctors
   • students
   • the police
   • pilots

   Отговор: students

   Училищното списание се чете от учениците.

4. A report usually has ___ to divide it into clear sections.

   • rhymes
   • headings
   • dialogues
   • jokes

   Отговор: headings

   Headings са подзаглавия, които делят доклада на части.

5. Which linking word introduces a result?

   • However
   • Although
   • Therefore
   • Despite

   Отговор: Therefore

   Therefore означава следователно.

6. Which style is usually used in a report?

   • very informal
   • poetic
   • formal
   • slang

   Отговор: formal

   Докладът е в официален, неутрален стил.

7. Which sentence is a typical way to start a report?

   • The aim of this report is to...
   • Have you ever wondered...?
   • Hi everyone!
   • Once upon a time...

   Отговор: The aim of this report is to...

   Докладът започва с целта си.

8. Which phrase can introduce information from a survey in a report?

   • I bet that...
   • Long ago...
   • Love,...
   • According to the survey,...

   Отговор: According to the survey,...

   According to означава според.

9. Which feature is typical of an article but NOT of a report?

   • headings
   • facts
   • recommendations
   • direct questions to the reader

   Отговор: direct questions to the reader

   Статията често се обръща пряко към читателя с въпроси.

10. Which phrase is typical of the final section of a report?

    • Guess what happened next!
    • Dear Sir or Madam,
    • See you soon!
    • In conclusion, I would recommend...

    Отговор: In conclusion, I would recommend...

    Докладът завършва с изводи и препоръки.

11. Which sentence is a recommendation?

    • The school should install more recycling bins.
    • Most students walk to school.
    • Last year the park was cleaned.
    • The survey was carried out in May.

    Отговор: The school should install more recycling bins.

    Should изразява препоръка; останалите изречения съобщават факти.

12. Which phrase is suitable for presenting survey results in a report?

    • Most of the students said...
    • Hey guys...
    • I think that maybe...
    • Once upon a time...

    Отговор: Most of the students said...

    В доклада резултатите се представят обективно: Most of the students said...

13. Which sentence suits an article for teenagers best?

    • The aforementioned data is hereby presented.
    • Statistic 1: 40%.
    • Imagine a world without plastic: could you live in it?
    • Yours faithfully, John.

    Отговор: Imagine a world without plastic: could you live in it?

    Статията ангажира читателя с жив стил и реторични въпроси.

14. What is the purpose of the final paragraph of an article?

    • to give the writer's address
    • to leave the reader with something to think about
    • to start a new topic
    • to repeat the title

    Отговор: to leave the reader with something to think about

    Краят на статията обобщава и оставя читателя да размисли.

15. Which is the best title for a report?

    • Wow! Can You Believe This?
    • Recycling at Our School
    • OMG, rubbish!
    • Why I hate plastic

    Отговор: Recycling at Our School

    Заглавието на доклад е ясно и фактическо.

Финален въпрос