Present Perfect или Past Simple
В този урок сравняваме Present Perfect и Past Simple. Past Simple използваме, когато е посочено или ясно кога е станало действието (yesterday, last Sunday, in 2015, two days ago) и когато въпросът започва с When. Present Perfect използваме, когато времето не е посочено и е важен резултатът сега или опитът. Често в разговор започваме с Present Perfect и продължаваме с подробности в Past Simple.
Какво да запомним
- Past Simple + точно време: I went to the zoo last Sunday. We moved here in 2015.
- Въпрос с When е в Past Simple: When did you buy your bike?
- Present Perfect без точно време, резултат сега: She has lost her keys.
- Завършен живот и история: Shakespeare wrote many plays (не has written).
- Опит, после подробности: Have you ever been to Greece? - Yes, I went there last summer.
Пример
I have seen this film. I saw it last week. (Гледал съм този филм. Гледах го миналата седмица.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
I ___ to the zoo last Sunday.
- have gone
- have been
- went
- go
Отговор: went
С last Sunday (минал момент) използваме Past Simple.
She ___ her keys. She can't open the door.
- lose
- losing
- have lost
- has lost
Отговор: has lost
Резултатът е важен сега, затова Present Perfect: has lost.
When ___ you ___ your bike?
- did / buy
- have / bought
- did / bought
- have / buy
Отговор: did / buy
С When питаме за конкретен момент, затова Past Simple: did + buy.
We ___ to this town in 2015.
- have moved
- moved
- has moved
- move
Отговор: moved
In 2015 е завършен момент в миналото: Past Simple.
Which is correct?
- I have seen this film. I have seen it last week.
- I saw this film. I have saw it last week.
- I have seen this film. I saw it last week.
- I have see this film. I saw it last week.
Отговор: I have seen this film. I saw it last week.
Опитът е в Present Perfect, а конкретното време (last week) е в Past Simple.
I ___ him yesterday.
- saw
- have seen
- has seen
- see
Отговор: saw
С yesterday използваме Past Simple.
I ___ my homework. Can I go out now?
- has done
- have done
- do
- doing
Отговор: have done
Резултатът е важен сега: Present Perfect.
Shakespeare ___ many plays.
- has written
- have written
- wrote
- writes
Отговор: wrote
Шекспир не е жив, периодът е завършен, затова Past Simple.
Which time expression goes with the Past Simple?
- so far
- ever
- yet
- two days ago
Отговор: two days ago
Ago показва завършен момент в миналото, затова Past Simple.
A: Have you ever been to Greece? B: Yes, I ___ there last summer.
- went
- have gone
- have been
- go
Отговор: went
Подробности с конкретно време (last summer) са в Past Simple.
Which word goes with the Past Simple?
- yesterday
- ever
- yet
- already
Отговор: yesterday
Yesterday е конкретен момент в миналото, затова е с Past Simple.
Choose: 'I ___ this film three times.' (in my life, no time given)
- see
- have seen
- saw yesterday
- seeing
Отговор: have seen
Опит без посочено време изразяваме с Present Perfect.
Choose: 'She ___ in Paris in 2020.'
- has lived
- have lived
- lives
- lived
Отговор: lived
In 2020 е завършен момент в миналото, затова Past Simple.
Choose: 'Look! Somebody ___ the window.'
- broke yesterday
- has broken
- breaks
- was break
Отговор: has broken
Резултатът се вижда сега, затова Present Perfect: has broken.
Which question is correct?
- When have you arrived?
- When did you arrive?
- When you arrived?
- When have you arrive?
Отговор: When did you arrive?
Въпросите с When питат за конкретно време, затова са в Past Simple.