Сегашно перфектно време (Present Perfect)
Сегашно перфектно време (Present Perfect) свързва миналото с настоящето. Използваме го за действия в миналото, когато не е важно точно кога са станали, а е важен резултатът сега, или за преживявания в живота. Образува се с have или has и минало причастие (третата форма на глагола). При правилните глаголи то завършва на -ed, а неправилните се учат наизуст: write → written, go → gone.
Какво да запомним
- have/has + минало причастие: I have finished my homework. She has been to London.
- Неправилни: go → gone, write → written, eat → eaten, see → seen, break → broken.
- Отрицание: haven't / hasn't; въпрос: Has she finished? Have you eaten?
- Резултат сега: He has broken his arm. He's in hospital.
- has gone = отишъл е и е там сега; has been = бил е и се е върнал.
Пример
We have cleaned our room. Now it looks great. (Почистихме стаята си. Сега изглежда чудесно.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
I ___ my homework.
- have finished
- has finished
- have finish
- am finished
Отговор: have finished
Present Perfect: have/has + минало причастие (finished).
She ___ to London.
- have been
- has been
- has be
- is been
Отговор: has been
С she използваме has + been.
What is the past participle of 'write'?
- wrote
- writed
- written
- writing
Отговор: written
Write - wrote - written.
___ you ever ___ sushi?
- Did / eaten
- Have / ate
- Has / eaten
- Have / eaten
Отговор: Have / eaten
Въпрос в Present Perfect: Have + you + ever + eaten.
Which sentence is correct?
- They haven't seen the new film.
- They didn't seen the new film.
- They haven't saw the new film.
- They hasn't seen the new film.
Отговор: They haven't seen the new film.
Отрицание: haven't + минало причастие (seen).
We ___ our room.
- has cleaned
- have clean
- have cleaned
- are cleaned
Отговор: have cleaned
С we: have + cleaned.
What is the past participle of 'go'?
- went
- goed
- going
- gone
Отговор: gone
Go - went - gone.
He ___ his arm. He's in hospital.
- has broken
- has broke
- have broken
- has breaked
Отговор: has broken
Break - broke - broken; с he използваме has.
___ she finished her project?
- Have
- Has
- Did
- Is
Отговор: Has
С she въпросът в Present Perfect започва с Has.
What is the difference: 'He has gone to Rome.' and 'He has been to Rome.'?
- They mean the same.
- gone = he came back; been = he is there now
- gone = he is there now; been = he went and came back
- gone is Past Simple; been is Present Perfect
Отговор: gone = he is there now; been = he went and came back
Has gone значи, че още е там; has been значи, че е ходил и се е върнал.
What is the past participle of 'buy'?
- bought
- buyed
- boughten
- buying
Отговор: bought
Buy е неправилен глагол: buy, bought, bought.
Choose: 'He ___ his phone. He can't find it.'
- have lost
- has lost
- has lose
- is lost
Отговор: has lost
С he използваме has + минало причастие: has lost.
Choose the negative: 'I ___ read this book.'
- haven't
- hasn't
- don't
- didn't have
Отговор: haven't
Отрицание в Present Perfect с I: haven't + минало причастие.
What is the past participle of 'take'?
- took
- taked
- tooken
- taken
Отговор: taken
Take е неправилен глагол: take, took, taken.
Choose the short answer: 'Have they arrived?' - 'Yes, they ___.'
- did
- are
- have
- has
Отговор: have
Краткият отговор повтаря спомагателния глагол: Yes, they have.