Минало перфектно време (Past Perfect)
Учим минало перфектно време (Past Perfect). Образува се с had + минало причастие и показва действие, което е станало преди друго действие или момент в миналото. Често се използва с already, before, by the time, never. Past Perfect Continuous (had been + -ing) подчертава колко дълго е продължило нещо преди момент в миналото.
Какво да запомним
- had + 3. форма за всички лица: I had finished, she had finished
- Отрицание: hadn't eaten; въпрос: Had you ever been...?
- По-ранното действие е в Past Perfect, по-късното в Past Simple
- by the time, already, before, never
- Past Perfect Continuous: had been running (продължителност)
Пример
When we arrived, the film had already started. = Когато пристигнахме, филмът вече беше започнал.
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
Past Perfect is formed with ___ + past participle.
- have
- had
- was
- did
Отговор: had
Past Perfect: had + минало причастие (had gone, had seen).
When we arrived, the film ___ already ___.
- has / started
- was / starting
- had / started
- did / start
Отговор: had / started
Филмът е започнал преди нашето пристигане: Past Perfect.
She was hungry because she ___ breakfast.
- didn't eaten
- hasn't eaten
- wasn't eat
- hadn't eaten
Отговор: hadn't eaten
Отрицание в Past Perfect: hadn't + минало причастие.
By the time the police arrived, the thief ___.
- had escaped
- has escaped
- escapes
- have escaped
Отговор: had escaped
By the time + Past Simple, а по-ранното действие е в Past Perfect.
Choose the correct sentence.
- I never had seen the sea before I went to Varna.
- I had never seen the sea before I went to Varna.
- I had never saw the sea before I went to Varna.
- I have never seen the sea before I went to Varna.
Отговор: I had never seen the sea before I went to Varna.
Past Perfect: had + never + минало причастие (seen).
What is the past participle of 'write'?
- wrote
- writed
- writing
- written
Отговор: written
Write, wrote, written.
I ___ my homework before I went out.
- had finished
- have finished
- finish
- am finishing
Отговор: had finished
Домашното е завършено преди излизането: Past Perfect.
When I got to the station, the train ___. I had to wait an hour for the next one.
- has left
- had left
- leaves
- is leaving
Отговор: had left
Влакът е тръгнал преди да стигна: Past Perfect.
___ you ever ___ to London before your trip last year?
- Have / been
- Did / been
- Had / been
- Were / been
Отговор: Had / been
Въпрос в Past Perfect: Had + подлог + минало причастие.
She was tired because she ___ for hours.
- has been running
- is running
- have been running
- had been running
Отговор: had been running
Past Perfect Continuous: had been + -ing, за продължително действие преди момент в миналото.
What is the past participle of 'eat'?
- ate
- eated
- eaten
- eating
Отговор: eaten
eat, ate, eaten.
'When I arrived, Tom had left.' What happened first?
- I arrived
- both at once
- we can't say
- Tom left
Отговор: Tom left
Past Perfect показва по-ранното действие: Tom had left.
By the time I woke up, my parents ___ to work.
- had gone
- have gone
- go
- are going
Отговор: had gone
By the time + минало, по-ранното действие е в Past Perfect.
Which time expression often goes with the Past Perfect?
- tomorrow
- by the time
- next week
- right now
Отговор: by the time
By the time, already, before често вървят с Past Perfect.
Which sentence is correct?
- After she has done her homework, she watched TV.
- After she had did her homework, she watched TV.
- After she had done her homework, she watched TV.
- After she done her homework, she had watched TV.
Отговор: After she had done her homework, she watched TV.
По-ранното действие (домашното) е в Past Perfect, по-късното в Past Simple.