Непряка реч (Reported speech: statements)
Урокът обяснява непряката реч (Reported speech) за съобщителни изречения. Когато въвеждащият глагол е в минало време (said, told), времето в преразказаното изречение обикновено се връща една стъпка назад: am става was, will става would, have finished става had finished. Променят се и местоименията и думите за време и място: today става that day, tomorrow става the next day, here става there. Учениците учат и разликата между say и tell (tell винаги с лице: He told me...).
Какво да запомним
- Present Simple : Past Simple (I live : she lived).
- will : would; can : could; must : had to.
- Present Perfect и Past Simple : Past Perfect (had seen).
- yesterday : the day before; tomorrow : the next day; here : there; this : that.
- said that... ; told + лице + that... (He told me that he was busy).
Пример
'I am tired,' she said. : She said that she was tired. (Тя каза, че е уморена.)
Проверете се: 15 въпроса
Натиснете въпроса, за да видите верния отговор и обяснението.
She said, 'I am tired.' → She said that she ___ tired.
- is
- was
- were
- has been
Отговор: was
В непряка реч след said сегашното време се измества едно време назад: am → was.
He said, 'I will call you.' → He said that he ___ call me.
- will
- shall
- would
- is going
Отговор: would
Will се променя на would в непряка реч.
'I have finished my homework,' Tom said. → Tom said that he ___ his homework.
- has finished
- finished
- had finished
- was finishing
Отговор: had finished
Present Perfect става Past Perfect: had finished.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'I saw her yesterday,' he said. → He said that he had seen her ___.
- the next day
- the day before
- today
- tomorrow
Отговор: the day before
Yesterday обикновено се заменя с the day before (или the previous day).
She said, 'We can meet here tomorrow.' Choose the correct reported sentence.
- She said that we can meet here tomorrow.
- She said that they could meet here tomorrow.
- She said they can met there the next day.
- She said that they could meet there the next day.
Отговор: She said that they could meet there the next day.
Can → could, here → there, tomorrow → the next day, we → they.
He ___ me that he was busy.
- said
- told
- spoke
- talked
Отговор: told
Tell се използва с допълнение (told me), а say без него (said that).
'I live in London,' Anna said. → Anna said that she ___ in London.
- lived
- lives
- living
- has lived
Отговор: lived
Present Simple става Past Simple: live → lived.
'I am watching TV,' he said. → He said that he ___ TV.
- is watching
- watched
- was watching
- has watched
Отговор: was watching
Present Continuous става Past Continuous: am watching → was watching.
'I must go now,' she said. → She said that she ___ go then.
- must to
- has to
- musted
- had to
Отговор: had to
Must за задължение често става had to в непряка реч.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'This book is mine,' Kate said. → Kate said that ___ book was hers.
- this
- that
- these
- those
Отговор: that
This обикновено се заменя с that, а mine с hers.
She ___ that she was busy.
- said
- told
- spoke
- talked
Отговор: said
Say is used without a person: she said that... Tell needs a person: she told me...
'I can swim,' Mia said. → Mia said that she ___ swim.
- could
- can
- will
- must
Отговор: could
Can changes to could in reported speech.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'I'll see you tomorrow,' he said. → He said he would see me ___.
- tomorrow
- yesterday
- the last day
- the next day
Отговор: the next day
Tomorrow becomes the next day in reported speech.
(Reported days later, in another place) 'We are living here,' they said. → They said that they were living ___.
- there
- here
- then
- that
Отговор: there
Here changes to there in reported speech.
'I have never been to Paris,' she said. → She said that she ___ to Paris.
- has never been
- never was
- had never been
- would never be
Отговор: had never been
Present Perfect changes to Past Perfect in reported speech.