Личността и обществото

Ценности и нагласи

1. Someone who always tells the truth is ___.

   • jealous
   • honest
   • selfish
   • arrogant

   Отговор: honest

   Honest означава честен, човек, който не лъже.

2. The opposite of 'selfish' is ___.

   • greedy
   • mean
   • vain
   • generous

   Отговор: generous

   Generous (щедър) е противоположно на selfish (егоистичен).

3. Someone you can always trust and depend on is ___.

   • reliable
   • lazy
   • rude
   • mean

   Отговор: reliable

   Reliable означава надежден.

4. If you feel sorry for people who suffer and want to help them, you show ___.

   • ambition
   • greed
   • envy
   • compassion

   Отговор: compassion

   Compassion означава състрадание, загриженост за страданието на другите.

5. If you can understand and share another person's feelings, you have ___.

   • empathy
   • apathy
   • pride
   • greed

   Отговор: empathy

   Empathy е съпричастност, умение да се поставиш на мястото на другия.

6. Someone who thinks they are better than other people is ___.

   • modest
   • shy
   • arrogant
   • humble

   Отговор: arrogant

   Arrogant означава надменен. Modest и humble са противоположни.

7. A person who is ready to accept new ideas and different opinions is ___.

   • open-minded
   • narrow-minded
   • stubborn
   • bad-tempered

   Отговор: open-minded

   Open-minded означава човек с широки възгледи, отворен към нови идеи.

8. He is so ___ that he believes everything people tell him.

   • sceptical
   • cautious
   • gullible
   • cynical

   Отговор: gullible

   Gullible означава лековерен, който вярва на всичко.

9. Someone who keeps trying and does not give up easily is ___.

   • careless
   • hesitant
   • determined
   • indifferent

   Отговор: determined

   Determined означава решителен, упорит в целите си.

10. She always does what she believes is morally right, even when it is hard. She is ___.

    • gullible
    • impulsive
    • principled
    • indifferent

    Отговор: principled

    Principled означава принципен, човек със здрави морални принципи.

11. Complete: 'She has a very positive attitude ___ life.'

    • for
    • on
    • at
    • to

    Отговор: to

    Казваме attitude to (или towards) something.

12. Which idiom means 'to say exactly what you think'?

    • to speak your mind
    • to lose your mind
    • to change your mind
    • to make up your mind

    Отговор: to speak your mind

    Speak your mind значи да кажеш открито мнението си. Make up your mind значи да решиш.

13. Which word means 'an unfair opinion about a group of people, formed without real knowledge'?

    • tolerance
    • empathy
    • integrity
    • prejudice

    Отговор: prejudice

    Prejudice е предразсъдък: мнение, създадено предварително, без познаване на хората.

14. Which prefix forms the opposite of 'responsible'?

    • un-
    • ir-
    • in-
    • dis-

    Отговор: ir-

    Пред думи, започващи с r, отрицанието често е ir-: irresponsible.

15. Which suffix forms a noun from the adjective 'kind'?

    • -ment
    • -ity
    • -ion
    • -ness

    Отговор: -ness

    Kind + -ness = kindness (доброта).

Времена: обобщение

1. She ___ to work by bus every day.

   • is going
   • goes
   • has gone
   • go

   Отговор: goes

   За навици и повтарящи се действия (every day) се използва Present Simple, 3 л. ед. ч.: goes.

2. Yesterday we ___ a great film.

   • watch
   • have watched
   • watched
   • are watching

   Отговор: watched

   С 'yesterday' (завършено минало време) се използва Past Simple.

3. We ___ to the cinema on Saturday. We've already got the tickets.

   • went
   • are going
   • have gone
   • were going

   Отговор: are going

   За уговорени бъдещи планове използваме present continuous.

4. Look! It ___ outside.

   • snows
   • has snowed
   • is snowing
   • snowed

   Отговор: is snowing

   'Look!' показва действие в момента на говоренето, затова Present Continuous.

5. Which verb is NOT normally used in the continuous form?

   • know
   • run
   • write
   • cook

   Отговор: know

   Know е глагол за състояние (stative verb) и обикновено не се използва в Continuous.

6. I ___ my keys! I can't open the door.

   • lose
   • am losing
   • had lost
   • have lost

   Отговор: have lost

   Present perfect: минало действие с резултат сега.

7. I ___ in this town since 2018.

   • have lived
   • live
   • am living
   • lived

   Отговор: have lived

   С 'since' и действие, което продължава и сега, се използва Present Perfect.

8. I ___ dinner when the phone rang.

   • am having
   • have had
   • was having
   • will have

   Отговор: was having

   По-дълго минало действие, прекъснато от кратко, е в Past Continuous.

9. This time tomorrow I ___ on a beach in Greece.

   • will lie
   • will be lying
   • lie
   • am lain

   Отговор: will be lying

   Future continuous описва действие в процес в определен момент в бъдещето.

10. When I arrived at the station, the train ___.

    • has already left
    • is already leaving
    • had already left
    • have already left

    Отговор: had already left

    Влакът е тръгнал преди друго минало действие (arrived), затова Past Perfect.

11. Hurry up! The film ___ in ten minutes, according to the cinema schedule.

    • starts
    • started
    • has started
    • had started

    Отговор: starts

    За бъдещи събития по разписание използваме Present Simple.

12. She ___ for two hours when the bus finally came.

    • has been waiting
    • was waited
    • had been waiting
    • waits

    Отговор: had been waiting

    Past perfect continuous: продължително действие преди друго минало действие.

13. By next June, we ___ at this school for four years.

    • will have studied
    • will study
    • are studying
    • have studied

    Отговор: will have studied

    'By next June' означава 'до определен момент в бъдещето', затова Future Perfect.

14. She is tired because she ___ all morning.

    • cleaned
    • has been cleaning
    • had cleaned
    • cleans

    Отговор: has been cleaning

    Present Perfect Continuous обяснява резултат сега от продължително действие допреди малко.

15. When I was a child, I ___ climb trees every summer.

    • would
    • will
    • am used to
    • have

    Отговор: would

    Would + глагол описва повтарящи се действия в миналото, подобно на used to.

Поколения и стереотипи

1. The difference in ideas and values between young and old people is called the generation ___.

   • line
   • gap
   • wall
   • step

   Отговор: gap

   Generation gap означава разлика между поколенията.

2. Your grandparents belong to an older ___.

   • gender
   • genre
   • generator
   • generation

   Отговор: generation

   Generation означава поколение.

3. Your mother's mother is your ___.

   • aunt
   • grandmother
   • niece
   • cousin

   Отговор: grandmother

   Майката на майка ти е баба ти.

4. People born after World War II, roughly between 1946 and 1964, are often called ___.

   • Generation Z
   • Millennials
   • Generation Alpha
   • Baby Boomers

   Отговор: Baby Boomers

   След войната раждаемостта рязко нараства (baby boom), оттук и името Baby Boomers.

5. Someone who is 'old-fashioned' ___.

   • loves the latest gadgets
   • prefers traditional ideas and ways
   • is very young
   • is always late

   Отговор: prefers traditional ideas and ways

   Old-fashioned означава старомоден, привързан към традициите.

6. People born roughly between 1997 and 2012 are called Generation ___.

   • X
   • Y
   • A
   • Z

   Отговор: Z

   Поколение Z са родените приблизително между 1997 и 2012 г.

7. A ___ is a fixed, oversimplified idea about a type of person.

   • headline
   • stereotype
   • recipe
   • pattern

   Отговор: stereotype

   Stereotype е стереотип: опростена и често невярна представа за група хора.

8. Complete: 'Older people sometimes ___ young people for being lazy.'

   • complain
   • accuse
   • argue
   • criticise

   Отговор: criticise

   Criticise someone for something е правилната конструкция. Complain about, accuse of, argue with.

9. Complete: 'My grandparents and I don't always see ___.' (agree)

   • eye to eye
   • face to face
   • hand in hand
   • back to back

   Отговор: eye to eye

   See eye to eye означава да сте на едно мнение.

10. Which idiom means 'to judge someone only by how they look'?

    • to break the ice
    • to hit the nail on the head
    • to call it a day
    • to judge a book by its cover

    Отговор: to judge a book by its cover

    To judge a book by its cover означава да съдиш по външния вид.

11. Unfair treatment of people because of their age is called ___.

    • ageism
    • racism
    • sexism
    • heroism

    Отговор: ageism

    Ageism е дискриминация въз основа на възрастта.

12. Which idiom describes an older person who does not want to change their habits?

    • over the moon
    • on the ball
    • set in their ways
    • under the weather

    Отговор: set in their ways

    Set in one's ways значи закоравял в навиците си.

13. 'Teenagers today are glued to their phones.' Here 'glued to' means ___.

    • always using and unable to stop
    • fixing with glue
    • angry with
    • afraid of

    Отговор: always using and unable to stop

    Be glued to something (идиом) означава да не можеш да се откъснеш от нещо.

14. 'Not all teenagers are irresponsible.' What does this sentence do?

    • It says every teenager is irresponsible
    • It says no teenager is irresponsible
    • It challenges a generalisation
    • It gives a statistic

    Отговор: It challenges a generalisation

    Not all оспорва обобщението, че всички тийнейджъри са безотговорни.

15. 'Peer pressure' is ___.

    • pressure from parents to study
    • stress before exams
    • influence from people your own age to behave like them
    • advice from older generations

    Отговор: influence from people your own age to behave like them

    Peers са връстници, а peer pressure е натискът от тях.

Права и отговорности

1. Every child has the ___ to education.

   • duty
   • rule
   • right
   • fine

   Отговор: right

   Right означава право. Образованието е право на всяко дете.

2. A person who legally belongs to a country and has rights there is a ___.

   • tourist
   • visitor
   • stranger
   • citizen

   Отговор: citizen

   Citizen означава гражданин.

3. Rules made by the state that everyone must obey are ___.

   • laws
   • games
   • hobbies
   • habits

   Отговор: laws

   Laws са законите.

4. Paying taxes and obeying the law are a citizen's ___.

   • rights
   • hobbies
   • privileges
   • responsibilities

   Отговор: responsibilities

   Responsibilities са задължения, отговорности на гражданина.

5. Complete: 'Everyone has the right ___ a fair trial.'

   • of
   • to
   • for
   • on

   Отговор: to

   Казваме the right to something: the right to vote, the right to a fair trial.

6. A person who breaks the law can be ___ by the police.

   • elected
   • rewarded
   • employed
   • arrested

   Отговор: arrested

   Arrested означава арестуван.

7. In Bulgaria, citizens can vote in national elections from the age of ___.

   • 16
   • 18
   • 21
   • 14

   Отговор: 18

   В България правото на глас се придобива на 18 години.

8. Doing unpaid work to help your community is called ___ work.

   • compulsory
   • manual
   • voluntary
   • part-time

   Отговор: voluntary

   Voluntary work е доброволен, неплатен труд.

9. Choosing representatives by voting is called an ___.

   • invitation
   • election
   • exhibition
   • explanation

   Отговор: election

   Election означава избори.

10. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the United Nations in ___.

    • 1918
    • 1965
    • 1948
    • 1989

    Отговор: 1948

    Всеобщата декларация за правата на човека е приета от ООН на 10 декември 1948 г.

11. Which word means 'the state of everyone having the same rights and opportunities'?

    • equality
    • inequality
    • bias
    • privilege

    Отговор: equality

    Equality означава равенство.

12. Which institution makes the laws in Bulgaria?

    • the Constitutional Court
    • the President
    • the Council of Ministers
    • the National Assembly

    Отговор: the National Assembly

    Законите в България се приемат от Народното събрание.

13. 'Freedom of expression' means the right to ___.

    • say and publish your opinions
    • travel abroad
    • own property
    • a fair trial

    Отговор: say and publish your opinions

    Свобода на изразяване: правото свободно да казваш и публикуваш мнението си.

14. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child protects people under the age of ___.

    • 14
    • 16
    • 18
    • 21

    Отговор: 18

    Според Конвенцията дете е всеки човек под 18-годишна възраст.

15. Complete: 'Parents are responsible ___ their children's safety.'

    • of
    • for
    • to
    • with

    Отговор: for

    Казваме responsible for something.

Есе за мнение

1. In an opinion essay, you first state your opinion in the ___.

   • footnotes
   • title only
   • introduction
   • bibliography

   Отговор: introduction

   Мнението (тезата) се заявява още в увода.

2. Which part of an essay sums up the main points?

   • the conclusion
   • the introduction
   • the title
   • the first argument

   Отговор: the conclusion

   Заключението обобщава основните идеи и мнението.

3. In a well-written essay, each main paragraph usually develops ___.

   • all the ideas
   • no ideas
   • one main idea
   • only examples

   Отговор: one main idea

   Всеки основен абзац развива една главна идея.

4. Which phrase is used to give your opinion?

   • In my view,
   • For example,
   • As a result,
   • Finally,

   Отговор: In my view,

   In my view означава 'според мен'.

5. Which phrase introduces an example?

   • In conclusion,
   • For instance,
   • Nevertheless,
   • To begin with,

   Отговор: For instance,

   For instance означава 'например'.

6. Which linker adds another point?

   • Furthermore,
   • However,
   • In contrast,
   • Nevertheless,

   Отговор: Furthermore,

   Furthermore добавя още един аргумент. Останалите изразяват контраст.

7. Which linking word introduces a contrast?

   • Moreover,
   • However,
   • Furthermore,
   • In addition,

   Отговор: However,

   However изразява противопоставяне, а останалите добавят сходна идея.

8. Choose the best linker: '___ some people disagree, I believe school uniforms are useful.'

   • Despite
   • However
   • Because of
   • Although

   Отговор: Although

   Although се следва от подчинено изречение, а despite и because of от съществително.

9. The sentence that states the main idea of a paragraph is the ___ sentence.

   • final
   • topic
   • short
   • question

   Отговор: topic

   Topic sentence въвежда главната мисъл на абзаца.

10. Which phrase best introduces the conclusion?

    • First of all,
    • For instance,
    • On the one hand,
    • To sum up,

    Отговор: To sum up,

    To sum up означава 'обобщено' и започва заключението.

11. Presenting the opposite opinion and then answering it is called giving a ___.

    • summary
    • counter-argument
    • quotation
    • headline

    Отговор: counter-argument

    Counter-argument е контрааргумент, който авторът опровергава.

12. What should you avoid in a formal essay?

    • linking words
    • examples
    • a clear conclusion
    • contractions like 'don't' and 'can't'

    Отговор: contractions like 'don't' and 'can't'

    В официален стил пишем пълни форми: do not, cannot.

13. Which sentence has the most suitable style for a formal opinion essay?

    • Social media is totally awesome, right?
    • It could be argued that social media has changed communication.
    • I mean, phones are like everywhere.
    • Gonna say social media is bad.

    Отговор: It could be argued that social media has changed communication.

    Официалното есе използва неутрален, безличен стил без жаргон.

14. Which is the best thesis statement for the essay 'Should voting be compulsory?'

    • Voting is something people do.
    • There are elections in many countries.
    • Some people like voting and some don't, I guess.
    • In my opinion, voting should not be compulsory because it limits personal freedom.

    Отговор: In my opinion, voting should not be compulsory because it limits personal freedom.

    Добрата теза заявява ясно позиция и причина.

15. Choose the best linker: 'Fast food is cheap; ___, many young people eat it every day.'

    • consequently
    • nevertheless
    • whereas
    • in contrast

    Отговор: consequently

    Consequently въвежда следствие (затова).

Финален въпрос